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19-06-2009, 10:28 PM | #1 |
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Quản lý băng thông, tốc độ download Apache(mod_cband)
Manage Apache Download Speed And Traffic Limits With mod_cband
Author: Falko Timme Last edited 05/29/2006 In this tutorial I will describe how to install and configure mod_cband on an Apache2 web server. mod_cband is an Apache 2 module which provides bandwidth quota and throttling. It solves the problem of limiting users' and virtualhosts' bandwidth usage. The current version can set virtualhosts' and users' bandwidth quotas, maximal download speed, requests-per-second speed and the maximal number of simultanous IP connections. mod_cband can be used by hosting companies, which would like to limit data transfer for their users, such as "10 GB of traffic per month". In the first two chapters I will show how to install mod_cband on Debian Sarge and on Fedora Core 5 (the 64-bit version), and in the third chapter I will describe how to configure Apache for mod_cband which is independent from the distribution you're using. Please note: mod_cband is an Apache2 module, it does not work with Apache 1.3.x! I want to say first that this is not the only way of setting up such a system. There are many ways of achieving this goal but this is the way I take. I do not issue any guarantee that this will work for you! 1 Installation On Debian Sarge In order to compile mod_cband, we must have apxs2 installed. We can achieve that by doing this: apt-get install apache2-prefork-dev Next we download and install mod_cband like this: cd /tmp wget http://cband.linux.pl/download/mod-cband-0.9.7.4.tgz tar xzvf mod-cband-0.9.7.4.tgz cd mod-cband-0.9.7.4 ./configure make make install The make install command should have added the mod_cband module to /etc/apache2/httpd.conf. Run vi /etc/apache2/httpd.conf and check if you find a line like this: LoadModule cband_module /usr/lib/apache2/modules/mod_cband.so (If you don't find this line, add it yourself.) Finallly restart Apache: /etc/init.d/apache2 restart The mod_cband installation is now finished. 2 Installation On Fedora Core 5 In order to compile mod_cband, we must have apxs installed. We can achieve that by doing this: yum install httpd-devel Next we download and install mod_cband like this: cd /tmp wget http://cband.linux.pl/download/mod-cband-0.9.7.4.tgz tar xzvf mod-cband-0.9.7.4.tgz cd mod-cband-0.9.7.4 ./configure make make install The make install command should have added the mod_cband module to /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf. Run vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf and check if you find a line like this: LoadModule cband_module /usr/lib64/httpd/modules/mod_cband.so (If you don't find this line, add it yourself.) Finallly restart Apache: /etc/init.d/httpd restart The mod_cband installation is now finished. 3 Apache Configuration You can find all configuration directives on mod_cband's documentation page http://cband.linux.pl/documentation; I will describe the most important ones here. In this chapter I assume we have a web site www.example.com on the IP address 1.2.3.4 with the document root /var/www and the following vhost configuration: <VirtualHost 1.2.3.4> ServerName www.example.com ServerAdmin webmaster@example.com DocumentRoot /var/www </VirtualHost> Please note: It is important that your vhost includes the ServerName directive (e.g. ServerName www.example.com) and that your mod_cband directives come after that directive, otherwise you will get a warning like this when you restart Apache: Starting httpd: [Mon May 29 18:05:33 2006] [warn] Invalid command 'CBandSpeed', undefined virtualhost name You can use the following units in the mod_cband directives: Transfer speeds:
Debian: vi /etc/apache2/apache2.conf Fedora: vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf CBandScoreFlushPeriod 1 CBandRandomPulse On Now we create the scoreboard directory for our www.example.com vhost, /var/www/scoreboard. The directory must be writeable by the Apache user: Debian: mkdir /var/www/scoreboard chown www-data:www-data /var/www/scoreboard/ Fedora: mkdir /var/www/scoreboard chown apache:apache /var/www/scoreboard/ 3.1 Configure Download Speed Now let's say we want to limit the download speed. We can do it like this: <VirtualHost 1.2.3.4> ServerName www.example.com ServerAdmin webmaster@example.com DocumentRoot /var/www CBandSpeed 1024 10 30 CBandRemoteSpeed 20kb/s 3 3 </VirtualHost> The CBandSpeed directive limits the overall Apache performance for the www.example.com vhost to a speed of 1024kbps, max. 10 requests per second and max. 30 open connections. The CBandRemoteSpeed is like the CBandSpeed directive, but it sets limits for any individual user (as compared to the overall settings made by CBandSpeed). After your changes, you must restart Apache: Debian: /etc/init.d/apache2 restart Fedora: /etc/init.d/httpd restart 3.2 Configure Traffic Limits In the next example we want to give our vhost www.example.com a traffic limit of 100MB per month, and if that limit is exceeded, we want to limit the download speed to 128kbps, max. 5 requests per second and max. 15 open connections: <VirtualHost 1.2.3.4> ServerName www.example.com ServerAdmin webmaster@example.com DocumentRoot /var/www CBandLimit 100M CBandExceededSpeed 128 5 15 CBandScoreboard /var/www/scoreboard CBandPeriod 4W </VirtualHost> The directives are pretty self-explanatory. The CBandPeriod directive specifies after what time the traffic counter is reset to 0. The next example is pretty similar, but now we don't want the speed to be limited if the traffic is exceeded, no, we get more restrictive and deliver a 503 status page instead: <VirtualHost 1.2.3.4> ServerName www.example.com ServerAdmin webmaster@example.com DocumentRoot /var/www CBandLimit 100M CBandScoreboard /var/www/scoreboard CBandPeriod 4W </VirtualHost> If you want to redirect the user to a URL instead of presenting a 503 error to him, you can do it like this: <VirtualHost 1.2.3.4> ServerName www.example.com ServerAdmin webmaster@example.com DocumentRoot /var/www CBandLimit 100M CBandExceededURL http://www.someisp.com/traffic_exceeded.html CBandScoreboard /var/www/scoreboard CBandPeriod 4W </VirtualHost> Please note: the CBandExceededSpeed and the CBandExceededURL directives are mutually exclusive. They do not make sense in the same vhost! After your changes, you must restart Apache: Debian: /etc/init.d/apache2 restart Fedora: /etc/init.d/httpd restart Of course, you are free to combine the directives of chapter 3.1 and 3.2 in any way you like. 4 Status Page To view the current bandwidth limits, usages, users, scoreboards, add the following Location lines to the vhost configuration: <VirtualHost 1.2.3.4> ServerName www.example.com ServerAdmin webmaster@example.com DocumentRoot /var/www CBandLimit 100M CBandExceededSpeed 128 5 15 CBandScoreboard /var/www/scoreboard CBandPeriod 4W <Location /cband-status> SetHandler cband-status </Location> <Location /cband-status-me> SetHandler cband-status-me </Location> </VirtualHost> Restart Apache, and afterwards you can find the status pages under http://www.example.com/cband-status and http://www.example.com/cband-status-me: 5 Links
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